perceptron
Early neural unit that learns to classify inputs into two categories by adjusting weights. Foundational model for neural networks.
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Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry
In 1969, Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert of MIT published Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry, a formal mathematical analysis of single-layer perceptrons that demonstrated key limitations, notably the inability to compute non-linearly separable functions such as XOR, and contributed to a reduction in funding and research activity in connectionist approaches to AI.